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近紅外光譜可識別帶殼霉變板栗

時間:2011/10/13閱讀:649
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 乾思 生物編輯整理:

近年來,海內(nèi)外學(xué)者利用近紅外光譜技術(shù)開展了各種農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的檢測方法研究,然而鮮有對帶殼堅果類物料的近紅外光譜鑒別的研究,更無應(yīng)用近紅外光譜進(jìn)行帶殼霉變板栗識別方法的研究。該研究提出采用近紅外光譜技術(shù)識別帶殼霉變板栗,在采用光譜預(yù)處理降低栗殼影響的情況下,還同時考慮了板栗光譜特征以及分類器參數(shù)對識別模型的影響,這一方法的研究*海內(nèi)外同類研究的空缺。研究結(jié)果表明,近紅外光譜技術(shù)可以快速、無損進(jìn)行帶殼板栗的品質(zhì)檢測和分選,為板栗的實時檢測和分選提供了理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)參數(shù),同時也為其他帶殼堅果物料的研究提供了新方法。
近紅外光譜技術(shù)可利用全譜或部門波段的光譜數(shù)據(jù)對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的品質(zhì)進(jìn)行檢測,該研究組的前期工作表明,近紅外光譜技術(shù)結(jié)合模式識別方法對于帶殼霉變板栗進(jìn)行檢測是可行的。然而,利用近紅外光譜識別霉變板栗,一方面栗殼增加了識別的難度,需要合適有效的光譜預(yù)處理方法,另一方面近紅外光譜變量較多,為了進(jìn)步識別的正確性和快速性,需要選擇較優(yōu)的特征變量和建模方法。用近紅外光譜技術(shù)檢測霉變板栗,發(fā)現(xiàn)合格板栗和霉變板栗的近紅外光譜存在差異,但考慮到栗殼的影響,僅通過光譜預(yù)處理方法建立的霉變板栗識別模型效果不佳。為克服板栗近紅外光譜變量多、共線性強(qiáng)等缺點,對經(jīng)尺度正態(tài)變量變換預(yù)處理的板栗近紅外光譜進(jìn)行傅里葉變換,光譜變量從2048個降低為50個。然后采用遺傳算法,該算法中染色體編碼由近紅外光譜傅里葉變換后的50點傅里葉系數(shù)、zui小二乘支持向量機(jī)分類器的正則化參數(shù)γ和核函數(shù)參數(shù)σ2共同組成,使得建立的霉變板栗識別模型所用的傅里葉系數(shù)減少為13點,并對合格板栗、表面霉變板栗和內(nèi)部霉變板栗的均勻識別準(zhǔn)確率分別為95.89%、100%和98.25%,總體均勻識別準(zhǔn)確率進(jìn)步到97.54%。與未優(yōu)選傅里葉系數(shù)建立的模型比擬,不僅建模所需傅里葉系數(shù)減少,而且對測試集中合格板栗、內(nèi)部霉變板栗的識別率分別進(jìn)步了5.48%、8.78%,識別時間也相應(yīng)減少?! ?/div>
該研究成果刊登于《農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報》2011年第3期上,題為“基于GA-LSSVM和近紅外傅里葉變換的霉變板栗識別”,*作者為華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)院博士生周竹,通訊作者為李小昱教授。霉變是板栗綜合品質(zhì)評價的重要指標(biāo)。我國板栗年總產(chǎn)量達(dá)46.98萬噸,居*1位。但采后損失達(dá)總產(chǎn)量的35%~50%,重要原因之一是板栗發(fā)生霉變?,F(xiàn)有的霉變板栗分選主要采用人工分選或鹽水浮選,分選效率低,不僅給貯藏加工、銷售帶來難題,也造成了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。研究一種快速、正確、無損的霉變板栗分選方法,對于保證板栗品質(zhì),促進(jìn)板栗深加工工業(yè)和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品商業(yè),進(jìn)步工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效率具有重要的意義。
華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)院的學(xué)者研究出一種近紅外光譜技術(shù)快速正確識別帶殼霉變板栗的新方法,可以取代人工,快速、正確、無損地進(jìn)行帶殼板栗的品質(zhì)檢測和分選,大大進(jìn)步了效率和效益,同時也為其它帶殼堅果物料的自動化檢測分選提供了技術(shù)鑒戒。該項目*海內(nèi)外同類研究的一項空缺。

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