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上海優(yōu)寧維生物科技股份有限公司>>技術(shù)文章>>KRAS靶點(diǎn)難成藥?-整體解決方案來(lái)幫您

KRAS靶點(diǎn)難成藥?-整體解決方案來(lái)幫您

閱讀:573        發(fā)布時(shí)間:2023-11-21

KRAS熱度已經(jīng)消退了?NO...據(jù)調(diào)查,現(xiàn)在除傳統(tǒng)針對(duì)KRAS靶點(diǎn)小分子藥物外,更多玩家嘗試新興療法征服這一“不可成藥"的難題,如疫苗,TCR-T療法等。KRAS可以被細(xì)胞外信號(hào)以及來(lái)自細(xì)胞器等亞細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)的信號(hào)所激活。在正常的生理環(huán)境下,野生型KRAS主要處于不活躍的GDP結(jié)合狀態(tài)。信號(hào)促使KRAS脫離GDP,并與GTP結(jié)合,將KRAS轉(zhuǎn)化為激活狀態(tài)。激活的KRAS能夠結(jié)合并激活效應(yīng)蛋白,如RAF激酶、PI3K和RalGDS,促進(jìn)下游級(jí)聯(lián)的信號(hào)通路,如MAPK、PI3K和Ral-GEFs通路。這些信號(hào)通路通過(guò)細(xì)胞復(fù)制、生長(zhǎng)、分化和促進(jìn)細(xì)胞周期進(jìn)程。一個(gè)激活的致癌KRAS基因?qū)е乱粋€(gè)突變的KRAS蛋白,由于GTP水解率大大降低,異常長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保持其活性GTP結(jié)合狀態(tài)。當(dāng)KRAS蛋白被困在“ON"位置時(shí),下游效應(yīng)通路也保持活躍,細(xì)胞增殖率保持很高。其他仍然活躍的效應(yīng)通路包括那些促進(jìn)腫瘤發(fā)展過(guò)程的通路,如有絲分裂、細(xì)胞遷移、腫瘤侵襲和血管生成。 一、高通量篩選試劑盒HTRF®技術(shù)提供均相,免洗KRAS結(jié)合檢測(cè)試劑盒,通過(guò)這些已驗(yàn)證的試劑盒,可直接用于抑制劑篩選,無(wú)需優(yōu)化,每個(gè)試劑盒配有重組蛋白、檢測(cè)試劑和緩沖液。如下圖所示,使用抗Tag1-SOS1(供體)和抗Tag2-XL665(受體)檢測(cè)Tag1-SOS1與Tag2-KRAS-G12C之間的相互作用。當(dāng)供體和受體抗體由于SOS1和KRAS-G12C結(jié)合而接近時(shí),供體抗體的激發(fā)觸發(fā)向受體抗體的熒光共振能量轉(zhuǎn)移(FRET),受體抗體在665nm處特異性發(fā)射。這種特異性信號(hào)與KRAS-G12C/SOS1相互作用的程度成正比。因此,化合物或抗體阻斷KRAS-G12C/SOS1的相互作用會(huì)導(dǎo)致HTRF®信號(hào)的減少。  
 使用已知抑制劑對(duì)試劑盒進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,均獲得相應(yīng)較好的IC50并且與已報(bào)道文獻(xiàn)結(jié)果相一致。 
相關(guān)推薦:

貨號(hào)產(chǎn)品名稱規(guī)格
63ADK000CB15PEGKRAS-WT/SOS1 binding assay kit500 tests
63ADK000CB19PEGKRAS-WT/RAF1 binding assay kit500 tests
63ADK000CB47PEGKRAS-G12D/RAF1 binding assay kit500 tests
63ADK000CB17PEGKRAS-G12D/SOS1 binding assay kit500 tests
63ADK000CB20PEGKRAS-G12C/RAF1 binding assay kit500 tests
63ADK000CB16PEGKRAS-G12C/SOS1 binding assay kit500 tests
63ADK000CB22PEGKRAS-G12V/RAF1 binding assay kit500 tests
63ADK000CB28PEGKRAS G12V GTP binding kit500 tests

 二、KRAS靶點(diǎn)相關(guān)蛋白全部KRAS相關(guān)蛋白均已原核表達(dá)系統(tǒng)(E.coli)進(jìn)行表達(dá)。通過(guò)HTRF方式驗(yàn)證其結(jié)合活性。 1、KRAS WTThe KRAS-WT activity was assayed with HTRF technology. The reaction was performed by incubating the KRAS- WT protein, GTP, cRAF and beads at 25℃ for 60 min, then reading Ratio 665/620nm signal.

 

2.KRAS-G12CThe KRAS-G12C activity was assayed with HTRF technology. The reaction was performed by incubating the KRAS-G12C protein, GTP, cRAF and beads at 25℃ for 60 min, then reading Ratio 665/620nm signal. 3.KRAS-G12D The KRAS-G12D activity was assayed with HTRF technology. The reaction was performed by incubating the KRAS-G12D protein, GTP, cRAF and beads at 25℃ for 60 min, then reading Ratio 665/620nm signal
4.KRAS-G12R
The KRAS-G12R activity was assayed with HTRF technology. The reaction was performed by incubating the KRAS-G12R protein, GTP, cRAF and beads at 25℃ for 60 min, then reading Ratio 665/620nm signal.

5.KRAS-G12VThe KRAS- G12V activity was assayed with HTRF technology. The reaction was performed by incubating the KRAS- G12V protein, GTP, cRAF and beads at 25℃ for 60 min, then reading Ratio 665/620nm signal.
6.KRAS-G13C
The KRAS-G13C activity was assayed with HTRF technology. The reaction was performed by incubating the KRAS-G13C protein, GTP, cRAF and beads at 25℃ for 60 min, then reading Ratio 665/620nm signal.
7.KRAS Q61H
The KRAS-Q61H activity was assayed with HTRF technology. The reaction was performed by incubating the KRAS-Q61H protein, GTP, cRAF and beads at 25℃ for 60 min, then reading Ratio 665/620nm signal.

8.SOS1 

9.RAF
相關(guān)推薦:

貨號(hào)品名規(guī)格
UA080001KRAS100μg
UA080002Kras[G12C]100μg
UA080003Kras[G12V]100μg
UA080004Kras[G12D]100μg
UA080005Kras[G12R]100μg
UA080006Kras[G13C]100μg
UA080007Kras[G13D]100μg
UA080008Kras[Q61H]100μg
UA080014cRAF50μg
UA080015cRAF50μg
UA080016SOS1100μg

*以上KRAS蛋白無(wú)GTP bound,如需GTP bound,可聯(lián)系優(yōu)寧維。上述蛋白,常規(guī)規(guī)格有:50μg,100μg和1mg,如需更大規(guī)格,可聯(lián)系優(yōu)寧維定制。 三、Anti-Tag抗體話說(shuō),不想用試劑盒的情況下,如何建立assay呢?蛋白已經(jīng)有了,還差檢測(cè)抗體...這不就來(lái)了!Anti-Tag的HTRF熒光抗體,在實(shí)現(xiàn)高通量,操作簡(jiǎn)便等其他技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì)的同時(shí),可以為assay的建立提供最大的靈活性。無(wú)關(guān)乎蛋白本身,僅針對(duì)標(biāo)簽如His,GST,F(xiàn)LAG等,選擇對(duì)應(yīng)的配對(duì)抗體即可實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)方法學(xué)開(kāi)發(fā)。比如:參考上述蛋白KRAS G12C(his Tag)和SOS1(GST tag),選擇抗體配對(duì)有幾種方式可供參考:

KRAS donorSOS1 accpetor
Anti his EuAnti GST XL665
Anti GST D2
Anti His TbAnti GST XL665
Anti GST D2
KRAS accpetorSOS1 donor
Anti his XL665Anti GST Eu
Anti his D2
Anti his XL665Anti GST Tb
Anti his D2
PPI - Europium detection buffer
PPI - Terbium detection buffer 

 下圖為Anti-GST-Tb SOS1與Anti-his-XL665 KRAS G12C搭配組合展示。 
相關(guān)推薦:

  Anti-tag antibodies 
貨號(hào)品名規(guī)格
61HISDLFMAb Anti 6HIS-d21000 tests
61HISKLAMAb Anti 6HIS-Eu cryptate5000 tests
61HI2KLAMAb Anti 6HIS-Eu cryptate Gold5000  tests
61HISTLFMAb Anti 6HIS-Tb cryptate1000 tests
61HI2TLFMAb Anti 6HIS-Tb cryptate Gold1000 tests
61HISXLFMAb Anti 6HIS-XL6651000 tests
61MYCDAFMAb Anti cmyc-d21000 tests
61MYCKLAMAb Anti cmyc-Eu cryptate5000 tests
61MYCTAFMAb Anti cmyc-Tb cryptate1000 tests
61MYCXLFMAb Anti cmyc-XL6651000 tests
61DNPKLAMAb Anti DNP-Eu cryptate5000 tests
61DNPXLAMAb Anti DNP-XL6655000 tests
61FG2DLFMAb Anti FLAG M2-d21000 tests
61FG2KLAMAb Anti FLAG M2-Eu cryptate5000 tests
61FG2TLFMAb Anti FLAG M2-Tb cryptate1000 tests
61FG2XLFMAb Anti FLAG M2-XL6651000 tests
61GSTDLFMAb Anti GST-d21000 tests
61GSTKLAMAb Anti GST-Eu cryptate5000 tests
61GSTTLFMAb Anti GST-Tb cryptate1000 tests
61GSTXLFMAb Anti GST-XL6651000 tests
610HADAFMAb Anti HA-d21000 tests
610HAKLAMAb Anti HA-Eu cryptate5000 tests
610HATAFMAb Anti HA-Tb cryptate1000 tests
610HAXLFMAb Anti HA-XL6651000 tests
61MBPDAAMAb Anti MBP-d25000 tests
61MBPKAAMAb Anti MBP-Eu cryptate5000 tests
61MBPTAAMAb Anti MBP-Tb cryptate5000 tests
Buffers
貨號(hào)品名規(guī)格
61DB9RDF PPI - Europium detection buffer 200ml
61DB10RDF PPI - Terbium detection buffer 200ml

 三、下游磷酸化蛋白檢測(cè)Alpha®和HTRF®技術(shù)基于細(xì)胞水平進(jìn)行下游KRAS信號(hào)通路的研究,包括MAPK、PI3K和Ral-GEFs通路。這些細(xì)胞信號(hào)分析能夠區(qū)分化合物調(diào)節(jié)下游KRAS通路的功效。HTRF®仍然利用夾心法原理,標(biāo)記的特異性抗體識(shí)別磷酸化蛋白和總蛋白從而進(jìn)行定量檢測(cè)。全過(guò)程無(wú)需洗滌,特異性好,靈敏度高。 

下圖為p-ERK(圖左)和p-NFkB(圖右)磷酸化試劑盒靈敏度與WB對(duì)比,靈敏度高出30倍不等。


與HTRF®技術(shù)不同,Alpha®雖然也是均相檢測(cè)檢測(cè)技術(shù),但其基于化學(xué)發(fā)光原理,利用兩個(gè)微珠進(jìn)行檢測(cè)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)更低的實(shí)驗(yàn)背景和超高靈敏度。一個(gè)抗體被生物素化并與鏈霉親和素包被的供體微珠結(jié)合,受體微珠則直接與另一個(gè)抗體結(jié)合??贵w與磷酸化蛋白(總蛋白)結(jié)合使供體和受體微珠靠近。供體微珠的激發(fā)使得單線態(tài)氧擴(kuò)散至受體微珠,從而發(fā)射615nm波長(zhǎng)的光信號(hào)。Alpha®的檢測(cè)信號(hào)與樣本中存在的磷酸化蛋白(總蛋白)的數(shù)量成正比。Alpha®原理如下圖。
 

相關(guān)推薦:

貨號(hào)產(chǎn)品名稱規(guī)格
64NFBPEGNFkB phospho-S536 kit500tests
64NFTPEGNFkB total kit500tests
64AERPEGAdvanced phospho-ERK (Thr202/Tyr204)cellular kit500tests
64NRKPEGTotal ERK cellular kit500tests
64ME1PEGPhospho-MEK1 (Ser218/222) cellular kit500tests
64NE1PEGTotal MEK1 cellular kit500tests
64AKTPEGPhospho-AKT1/2/3 (Thr308) cellular kit500tests
64AKSPEGPhospho-AKT1/2/3 (Ser473) cellular kit500tests
64NKTPEGTotal AKT cellular kit500tests
64AKTPEGHTRF PHOSPHO-AKT (THR308) DETECTION KITS500tests
64TORPEGPhospho-mTOR (Ser2448) cellular kit500tests
ALSU-PAKT-B500AlphaLISA SureFire Ultra AKT 1/2/3 (pS473) Assay Kit500assays
ALSU-TAKT-B500Total AKT1/2/3 AlphaLISA SureFire Ultra Detection Kit500assays
ALSU-PMTOR-C500AlphaLISA phospho-mTOR (Ser2448) Assay Kit500assays
ALSU-TMTOR-B500AlphaLISA total mTOR Assay Kit500assays

 四、3D細(xì)胞增殖


基于ATP的發(fā)光法測(cè)定細(xì)胞增殖和細(xì)胞毒性的分析原理。用適當(dāng)緩沖液直接裂解細(xì)胞后,對(duì)細(xì)胞ATP進(jìn)行定量。在裂解細(xì)胞釋放的ATP作用下,ATP與添加的熒光素反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生光。

ATPlite 3D and ATPlite 1step 3D Assay 操作流程如下:


ATPlite 3D檢測(cè)可以允許細(xì)胞密度較高情況下進(jìn)行檢測(cè),并且比2D檢測(cè)效果明顯。

相關(guān)推薦:

貨號(hào)產(chǎn)品名稱規(guī)格
6066736ATPlite 1step 3D10ml/100tests
6066943ATPlite 3D300tests
6016736ATPlite 1step Luminescence Assay System10ml
6016731100ml
60167391000ml
6016943300 Assay
6016941ATPlite Luminescence Assay System1000 Assay
60169475000 Assay
601694910000 Assay


四、微孔板耗材
1.3D細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)板①板底為高度生物相容的,超低吸附力聚合物包被du有的合成聚合物MPC,源于細(xì)胞膜組分,與極性基團(tuán)的磷脂(磷脂酰膽堿)具有相同的結(jié)構(gòu),提供自然生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境,并消除批間差異。②易形成形態(tài)大小均勻的球體細(xì)胞球體高質(zhì)量形成率,細(xì)胞形態(tài)均已一致,板材的均勻性高,可隨時(shí)聚焦進(jìn)行圖片拍攝,提供重復(fù)性更高的數(shù)據(jù)及更高效更高質(zhì)量的成像。③無(wú)需更換培養(yǎng)基實(shí)驗(yàn)的佳選擇圓底板,性價(jià)比高。
 相關(guān)推薦:

貨號(hào)產(chǎn)品名稱規(guī)格
6055330CellCarrier Spheroid ULA MicroplatesCase of 10
6055334Case of 40


2. 其他相關(guān)培養(yǎng)板,檢測(cè)板

底透微孔板(View Plate)
實(shí)驗(yàn)應(yīng)用顏色特點(diǎn)孔數(shù)目Case of 40Case of 50Case of 60Case of 160
化學(xué)發(fā)光實(shí)驗(yàn)白色底透,TC處理96孔
6005181

384孔
6007480

黑色底透,TC處理96孔
6005182

384孔6007460


標(biāo)準(zhǔn)微孔板(OptiPlate)
實(shí)驗(yàn)應(yīng)用顏色特點(diǎn)孔數(shù)目Case of 40Case of 50Case of 60Case of 160
化學(xué)發(fā)光實(shí)驗(yàn)熒光實(shí)驗(yàn)白色非底透96孔
6005290

384孔
6007290

黑色非底透,TC處理96孔
6005270

384孔
6007270

細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)板(CulturPlate)
實(shí)驗(yàn)應(yīng)用顏色特點(diǎn)孔數(shù)目
Case of 50Case of 160Case of 200
細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)白色非底透,TC處理24孔
6005168

96孔
600568060056886005689
384孔
600768060076886007689
黑色非底透,TC處理96孔
600566060056686005669
384孔
60076606007668
             HTRF*Alpha檢測(cè)微孔板
應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域顏色特點(diǎn)孔數(shù)目Case of 25Case of 50
Case of 200
HTRF實(shí)驗(yàn)白色非底透,潛孔96孔66PL96025

6005359
Alpha實(shí)驗(yàn)384孔
6008280
6008289


更多實(shí)驗(yàn)相關(guān)微孔板,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系優(yōu)寧維。

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